CHRISTMAS INTERVIEWS

Today you did  a great  job. Congratulations! This is the first of the interviews you've  made .

AUTUMN

Yesterday we celebrated " O  MAGOSTO". We had a great time . Some teachers were roasting chestnuts. We were lucky because it didn't rain so, after reading time we went to the playground to eat them and play.

In this photo you can see  some children from Class 6 eating  chestnuts

Snacks to Pack While Traveling

These foods can be packed in your bag and carried right on the bus with you. They are quick and easy snack ideas.

• Whole grain crackers
• Pretzels
• Fresh fruit (apples, oranges, etc)
• Bagel
• Granola Bars
• Granola
• Nuts (almonds, cashews, etc)
• Baked tortilla chips
• Whole grain Fig Newtons
• Banana chips 

If you have a cooler on board these foods can also provide the healthy snack you are craving.

• Cheese stick
• Yogurt
• Baby carrots
• Celery sticks (with peanut butter, if desired)
• Sliced fresh fruit 

Guest Blogger: Duncan Anderson, USD Dietetic Intern

Trouble making a grocery list?

Eating a variety of foods will help ensure you are meeting your vitamin and mineral needs.

Here are some suggestions to add to your "usual" grocery list.

Protein

• chicken breasts
• sliced turkey
• canned tuna
• lean ground beef
• eggs
• peanut butter
• canned beans
• nuts

Carbohydrates

• bread, bagels, and English muffins
• cereal
• rice, pasta
• potatoes
• corn, peas
• crackers, pretzels, popcorn
• snack bars

Dairy

• milk
• yogurt
• cheese
• cottage cheese

Vegetables

• tomato or V8 juice
• tomato sauce
• salsa
• frozen mixed vegetables
• carrots
• broccoli
• onions
• garlic

Fruits

• apples
• bananas
• oranges or orange juice
• pineapple
• pears
• peaches
• raisins

Other

• olive or canola oil
• butter
• jam, jelly, honey
• salad dressing
• salt and pepper
• cinnamon

Eating for Sport - Cross Country

Long distance running is demanding on the body; not only with energy requirements, but with the toll it takes on muscles. For that reason, proper nutrition cannot be over-looked. Miles add up very quickly throughout the course of the season so having a nutrition plan to help you keep up with your nutrient needs is absolutely necessary.

Photo Credit: Women's Health Magazine

Are you meeting your energy demands? A 10 mile run could burn around 1,000 calories! A diet for runners should be comprised of mostly carbohydrate. By now, I am sure most of you have heard coaches or other people tell you to eat carbohydrates. Carbohydrates, when metabolized in the body, are converted into glucose. It is glucose that it is stored in muscles as glycogen. Your body is only able to store up to certain amount of glycogen and then it must be replenished by food after it is depleted. It is not like fat where your body has a high storage capacity.

Become familiar with foods that are high in carbohydrate. You probably already have some favorite pre-event snacks, but take a minute to look at them closely to see how much carbohydrate they actually offer you. Your carbohydrate intake should reflect how much you are training. If you doing extra training that day, eat more carbs. Your daily carbohydrate needs should be in the range of 3-4.5 grams per pound of body weight.

Protein and fat are still important in an athlete’s diet. Protein is needed to help build and repair muscle tissue. Eat approximately 0.55-0.64 grams per pound of body weight of protein per day.

Fat is needed for the absorption of some vitamins, insulation, and the production of hormones in the body. Fat should make up about 20-35% of your total calories for the day. Focus on unsaturated fats due to their added health benefits.

Being too restrictive with calorie intake will negatively affect your performance because it will not allow your body to properly fuel and refuel for your events. For women, eating too few calories can cause disruptions in her menstrual cycle. Loss of menstruation is not a normal part of training and should be discussed with a physician. The low levels of estrogen related to missing periods can impair bone mineral density, which can increase the risk for developing other health concerns such as osteoporosis.

A common nutrition concern for long distance runners, especially females, is iron. Many runners are at an increased risk for developing an iron deficiency, especially if they do not eat a lot of meat. When people suffer from an iron deficiency, they feel fatigued. But before running to the store and buying iron supplements, please seek advice from your personal or team physician. Iron supplements, like other supplements, have the potential of causing adverse effects if they are taken when they are not necessary.

Ready to head out for your long run? Choose a pre-exercise snack that, of course, is high in carbohydrate but also lower in protein, fat, and fiber. Eating foods that are high in these will likely cause some stomach upset while on your run because they take your body longer to digest. The longer time you have before you run, the larger meal or snack you can have without worry about it bothering your stomach. Don’t forget about eating after you get back! Eating a snack immediately after your run will help you replenish your energy stores. Choose a snack that is high in carbohydrate, but also offers some protein. Protein will help repair your muscles and allow you to recover more effectively before your next run. You are not done with your training until you eat your post-run snack!

As with any other sport, making sure you have adequate hydration is key to optimal performance. It only takes a 2% loss of body weight caused by dehydration to significantly impact your performance.

Soy Foods and the Athlete

Are you interested in learning more about soy foods and how it can fuel sport? Whether it is because you are vegetarian looking for ways to meet protein needs or you are curious in different types of proteins, this consumer report complied by Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics will provide helpful information. 

Photo Credit: Health.com

For general nutrition information, a good resource to know is the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics website, eatright.org. 

Refueling

In sports, there is always an emphasis on the importance of pre-workout, pre-game, and pre-race preparation. Obviously, we want our bodies to be as well equipped as possible (by sleeping, hydrating, and eating properly) to compete at the highest level against our competition. Although, I wonder if athletes understand how crucial post-workout, post-game, and post-race refueling is. After workouts and competitions it is vital that the body is replenished with the right foods and fluids in the correct way. Here are three quick tips to refueling…

1) Carbohydrate to Protein Ratio (4:1)

*Refuel with foods that are four parts carbs to one part protein. After exercise carbs can be more easily stored as recovery fuel and protein allows the body to rebuild what it loss.
*Examples include: chocolate milk, peanut butter with a banana, fruits and nuts.

2) Replace Fluids Lost

*Drinking 16-24oz of adequate fluids for every pound lost during working out. For those of you out there who don’t weigh yourself before and after your workouts… follow a simpler rule: Pee till it’s a pale yellow color (lemonade).

3) 30 Minutes

*It is key that athletes begin to refuel and rehydrate no longer than 30 minutes after working out. The longer athletes wait to refuel the longer it takes to recover. Getting something in the body ASAP after exertion will allow for increased storage.

Guest Blogger: Krista Creager, nutrition student at South Dakota State University

Vegetarian Recipes

Here is a collection of quick, healthy vegetarian recipes from CookingLight Magazine. A dish like this one below, pasta with sun-dried tomato pesto and feta cheese, is a carbohydrate rich meal that is would be perfect for replenishing glycogen stores to prepare for a long run. Nutrition information is included with each recipe. Now get into the kitchen and enjoy!   

Photo Credit: CookingLight.com

Hitting the Wall

As athletes, I am sure you have all heard the expression "hitting the wall." That feeling when you have nothing left to give during your workout or competition. Do you really know what is happening inside your body? 

Photo Credit: Active.com

When an athlete "hits the wall" it means that he or she has exhausted all of their stored carbohydrate (glycogen) in their body, which leaves the body running on empty. The body uses both fat and carbohydrate as fuel sources when exercising, but during high-intensity activities such as running or cycling, your body relies on carbohydrate for the main source of energy. Your body will not exhaust all of your fat stores during activity, but it can deplete your stores of carbohydrate.

This condition can by avoided by beginning your activity well-nourished with your carbohydrate stores full. During long longs or rides, be sure to take in carbohydrate through whole foods or sports drinks. The recommended amount is about 30-60 grams of carbohydrate per hour of activity. 

TheSummitLeague.org

thesummitleague.org

While you are visiting thesummitleague.org for conference news, don't forget to come back and read the latest sports nutrition news here! :)

Homemade Sports Drink

Looking to save a little money? It's possible to make your own sports drink at home. Sports drinks are made to provide fluid, carbohydrate, and electrolytes during long duration, high-intensity exercise - but you don't have to buy it in the store! Here is a recipe for a sports drink that you can make at home. The recipe is from Nancy Clark, MS, RD, CSSD - a well respected sports dietitian in the Boston area. Enjoy!

1/4 cup sugar
1/4 teaspoon salt
1/4 cup hot water
1/4 cup orange juice (not concentrate) plus 2 tablespoons lemon juice
3 1/2 cups cold water

1. In the bottom of a pitcher, dissolve the sugar and salt in the hot water.
2. Add the juice and the remaining water; chill.

Nutrition information: (per 8 ounces) 50 calories; 12 g carbohydrate; 110 mg sodium

Reference:
Clark N. Sports Nutrition Guidebook. 4th ed. Champaign, IL; Human Kinetics; 2008.

Summer Sweat

It's been a hot week here in Sioux Falls. So in keeping with that theme, I thought I would mention a few quick notes about sweat and the factors that affect it. Some people are heavy sweaters and some are not. Why is that?

Genetics. That plays a huge part in how much you sweat and cannot be changed. But there are other factors that you need to consider. How hard are you working (intensity level) during your exercise? What is the weather like? Are you acclimatized to the conditions? 

Photo credit: Women's Health

Hot and humid environments (summer!) will cause an increase in sweat rate. If you are doing a lot of outdoor activities, be sure you are paying close attention to your hydration needs. The recommended water intake for men is 3 L per day and 2 L per day for women. However, that does not include any sweat loss from extra activity. If you are sweating a lot that day, you need to add to that amount. 

Go out there and enjoy summer activities while you can! Hiking, running, biking, or whatever you choose. Be sure to pack that water bottle with you!

Summer Farmer's Markets

Happy Summer Break! Although you are not living the daily routine of the school year right now, that does not mean your nutrition takes a break. The summer is a great time to eat fresh produce when it is in season. Wherever you live, take advantage of local farmer's markets. Not only are you supporting local businesses, but you are also getting the best of your local fresh fruits and vegetables into your diet. Click here for a directory of farmer's markets in your area. 

Now here is a recipe that you can use with vegetables typically found at the market. It is from a food blog, The Kitchn, One-Pot Recipe: Easy French Ratatouille. 

Photo credit: thekitchn.com

Green Smoothie Recipes

Photo Credit: twopeasandtheirpod.com

I love green smoothies (I have mentioned that before on this blog!). I found this link that provides a great list of smoothies for you to try.

Click Here!

Sheep's hearts in plum sauce

This is a nice dish. I imagine the sauce would be quite good with other dark, gamy meats, like wild duck, wild goose or possibly wild boar.

To serve 6:
6 lamb's or sheep's hearts
100 g flour
butter for frying
salt and pepper
6 well ripe plums (it doesn't say which kind, but the photo with the recipe shows red plums with yellow flesh - BTW, don't expect to see any such thing when the dish is

Sheep's hearts cooked in red wine

This is a nice recipe for lamb's or sheep's hearts. Hearts from an adult sheep will need slightly longer cooking than lamb hearts.

To serve 4.

4 lamb or sheep hearts

Marinade:
100 ml table vinegar
2 sprigs fresh thyme (or 1 tsp dried)
4 garlic cloves, finely chopped
3 laurel leaves
salt and pepper

For cooking:
100 g butter
100 g smoked bacon, finely chopped
10-15 shallots, sliced
1-2 tbsp

Thoughts on Supplements

I get asked about supplements a lot. In fact, I just gave a presentation about it last weekend. My take home message from that talk, which I would like to share with you, is this: 

“In the sports world, where millions of products with special ingredients are marketed with claims of enhanced performance, it is ironic that sports foods containing an everyday nutrient (carbohydrate) may be best able to deliver on these claims.”

 -British Journal of Sports Medicine

There are so many products that promise everything, literally! However, the best thing you can do (and most delicious!) is to make sure you are meeting your energy demands, or calorie, by eating enough carbohydrate. That is the fuel your body really needs. Consider adding sport drinks, gels, or other food products that are rich in carbohydrate to supplement your training and leave the other stuff alone. I think you will be happy with the results!

Reference:

BJSM reviews: A–Z of supplements: dietary supplements, sports nutrition foods and ergogenic aids for health and performance Part 2Br J Sports Med 2009;43:10 807-810

Stress and Food Cravings

How well do you handle your stress? Stress is a part of life, but there are ways to help cope. Do you think that it causes you to choose unhealthy foods? Read this article from Food & Nutrition Magazine, "Does Stress Lead to Food Cravings and Weight Gain?" Follow the simple steps outlined:

1. Relax! Physical relaxation techniques.
2. Change your thoughts. Be positive!
3. Get out and move
4. Connect and confide
5. Think small. Small steps to big changes!

Sport Smoothies

I received a media request yesterday to talk about smoothies. That got me thinking about the infinite ways to make smoothies and how popular they are with athletes. Important points to consider while making your smoothie:

• Overall calorie content. It is easy to keep putting things in the blender, but if you take time to add up the calories, are you still keeping things in check? Some of you may have the goal to gain weight, but not everyone. Packing 1,000 calories into a smoothie will do just that! 
• Basic ingredients to include: 1 cup milk or yogurt, 1 cup mixed fruit and vegetables (don't be scared to make green smoothies!), and ice. My tip is to blend ingredients together BEFORE adding the ice. After that, then add the ice to blend into a smoothie. Adding the ice too soon may cause it to melt more quickly. 
• Other ingredients that can be good to add to a smoothie: protein powder, chia or flax seeds, and oatmeal.

What are your favorite smoothie combinations?

Athlete's Guide for Eating on the Road

Eating well on the road is hard for everyone because of the limited access to fresh, healthy foods. Fast food options are endless, but there are ways to still get the nutrients your body needs without the extra fat and empty calories. Choose foods that will help your performance, but not leave you feeling sluggish. 

• When possible, substitute vegetables and fruit in place of higher fat options that provide little nutrition quality to your meal (aka French fries)
• Get things on the side when possible (salad dressings, etc). Put the meal in your control!
• Look for words: bake, broil, steamed, and roasted. Avoid the words: fried, sauteed, and au gratin. The way that it is prepared can totally change the nutrient content. Don't get weighed down by adding extra fat. 
• Plan ahead and pack snacks. May need to avoid packing anything liquid if you are flying. Ideas include:
• Trail mix
• Bagels w/peanut butter
• Pretzels
• Fresh fruit
• Yogurt (if you have a cooler)
• Don't forget the water! Stay hydrated! 

Look at this handout provided by SCAN (group of sport RDs). It spells out ways to order at various types of restaurants, including Mexican, fast food, sub style, and bakeries. It also provides many other helpful hints. 

Eat Right for Sports and Performance

From "Eat Right for Sports and Performance" - Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics

This is a nice article posted on the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics website, eatright.org. It is another explanation of the important role nutrition plays in helping athletes prepare for and recover from training. 

"Eating right allows your body to adapt to training, helps you recover after exercise and attain peak performance." 

Eating well and staying properly hydrated will give you an edge in competition and is something that you have complete control over. After all of the hours spent training, why would you fall short here? Focus on a carbohydrate rich diet full of variety. Choose lean protein and foods low in fat.  

Summit Tourney

Great job to all of the teams for playing hard during the Summit Tourney! Best of luck to the teams who made it to the final round! 

Athletes with Gluten Sensitivity

Are you an athlete who experiences digestive issues when you eat gluten? Gluten is a protein that is found in wheat, barley, and rye. Those who have gluten sensitivity or Celiac disease should not eat any foods that contain these ingredients to avoid symptoms. Caution should also be used with oats because they are often contaminated with other gluten-containing foods. This diet can make it a little tricky when it comes to meal planning, especially if you are fueling up for performance.

Looking for gluten-free food ideas to eat before practice or the game to provide energy?The good news is that grocery stores are making it easier to shop with clearly labeled gluten-free foods. If you don't have a label, here is a list:

• Gluten-free carbohydrates including: rice, corn, flax, quinoa, potatoes, and soy
• Fruit and fruit juices
• Vegetables 
• Corn chips
• Rice cakes
• Gluten-free sport bars

Following a gluten-free diet is highly recommended for those who have gluten sensitivity or Celiac because it may prevent complications and can improve health.  

Reference: Gluten Sensitivity in Athletes by SCAN, Dietetic Practice Group

More Talk About Supplements

Do you know what your sport supplement is? This is a great article written by Sheila Tucker, MA, RD, LDN from Boston College. She explains in great detail the differences between popular supplements and the safety concerns. I highly recommend you take time to read! The take home message from Sheila is...

"Competitive athletes would be unwise to chance taking any supplements, outside of sports drinks or carbohydrate replacement, for fear of violating any NCAA or International Olympic Committee (IOC) regulations."

Do you know the best place to store your food? Pantry? Fridge? or Freezer?

Here is a great reference to help you decide where to store your food to help it stay fresh longer. Do you keep your tomatoes in the fridge? They may do better on the counter! 

Respect Your Food! A Guide to What Goes Where

Recipe - Overnight Oats

You know the benefits of eating breakfast, but you also know the benefits of getting enough sleep. Do you really have to choose which one is more important? Not anymore you don’t - now you can have both. I have to admit that I was somewhat addicted to this stuff over the summer and experimented with many different add-ins to keep my palate excited. 

Overnight Oats are oats mixed with a liquid of your choice and soaked overnight to absorb the liquid and the flavor of whatever ingredients you add. The most common mixture is equal parts raw rolled oats, milk and yogurt, but you may want to alter the amount of milk for a thinner or thicker consistency. 

This is an affordable, healthy breakfast that provides whole grains, protein, fiber and fruit to get start your morning off right. And trust me, it could not be easier. Simply mix everything together in a sealed container or a Mason jar (like the ones you use for homemade jam) and set in the refrigerator overnight. The next morning, grab a spoon and you have breakfast. Voila! If you want to take the chill off, microwave for 20 seconds. Either way, it’s a delicious way to start your day. 

Overnight Oats (Basic Recipe) 

· 1/4 cup old fashioned rolled oats
· 1/4 cup to 1/3 cup skim milk (soy milk, almond milk, etc)
· 1/4 cup low-fat Greek yogurt (regular yogurt will give your oats a thinner consistency)
· 1-1/2 teaspoons chia seeds
· Sweetener and/or spice
· Fruit

Have fun experimenting with different flavor combinations – your oatmeal is only as good as your imagination! To get you thinking, I’ve included a few of my favorites.

Pumpkin Spice
· ½ teaspoon cinnamon
· 1 teaspoon honey, agave or stevia to taste
· ¼ cup pumpkin

Peanut Butter Banana
1 tablespoon peanut butter (or nut butter of your choice)
1 teaspoon honey, agave or stevia to taste
½ small banana, cut into small pieces

Maple Blueberry
· 2 teaspoons maple syrup
· 1/4 cup blueberries

Apple Cinnamon
· 1/2 teaspoon cinnamon
· 1 teaspoon honey, agave or stevia to taste
· 1/4 cup unsweetened applesauce

Raspberry
1 tablespoon raspberry jam
1/4 cup raspberries 

Guest Blogger: Laura White, USD Dietetic Intern

Greek Yogurt

What’s all the hype about Greek yogurt? Do you know the difference between this and the yogurt you’re used to seeing in the supermarket?

Greek yogurt is made by straining off the whey, which gives it a thick, rich and creamy consistency.  It’s very high in protein and the unsweetened version is lower in sugar and carbohydrates than traditional unsweetened yogurt. Most national brands are non-fat or low-fat, but make sure you check the label. 

While the healthiest way to enjoy yogurt is to buy it unsweetened and add fresh fruit, I realize that this is not always preferable or convenient. Many people are not used to eating plain yogurt since their taste buds have become accustomed to the sweetened version. This would also hold true with Greek yogurt, as the plain version has a slightly sour taste. Either way, Greek yogurt contains approximately twice the amount of protein and half the amount of carbohydrates than a similar amount of traditional yogurt. The benefits don’t stop there.

Aside from eating Greek yogurt as a high protein breakfast or snack, you may want to try using it as a condiment or in recipes.

• Substitute unsweetened/plain Greek yogurt for sour cream on baked potatoes or taco
• Use it to replace some of the eggs or oil when making baked goods
• Add Greek yogurt instead of mayonnaise to tuna salad, egg salad or pasta salad for a tangy kick
• Start with a base of Greek yogurt and make a savory veggie dip by adding herbs and spices

Still skeptical?  Check out the nutrition label from Dannon’s version of Greek and traditional yogurt.  Yes, the calories are similar, but the added protein will keep you feeling full longer. What’s not to love about that?

Greek (5.3 ounces, nonfat, plain)

• Calories: 80
• Total fat: 0 grams
• Cholesterol: 10 milligrams
• Sodium: 50 milligrams
• Sugar: 6 grams
• Protein: 15 grams
• Calcium: 15 percent on a 2,000-calorie diet

Regular (6 ounces, nonfat, plain)

• Calories: 80
• Total fat: 0 grams
• Cholesterol 5 milligrams
• Sodium: 120 milligrams
• Sugar: 12 grams
• Protein: 9 grams
• Calcium: 30 percent on a 2,000-calorie diet.

Guest Blogger: Laura White, USD Dietetic Intern

Nutrition Facts for Popular Sports Drinks

Replenishing fluid and electrolyte losses are an essential part of training and recovery. Your rehydration needs may be different depending on the duration and intensity of exercise you are doing. Luckily, not all sports drinks are created equal. There is a wide variety of drinks available that have different amounts of total calories, carbohydrates, and electrolytes. If you are exercising for long periods of time (more than 1 hour) and/or exercising at a high intensity that causes you to sweat a lot, you may want to choose a sports drink that contains carbohydrates and electrolytes to replenish what you lost. If you are a recreational athlete who works out for 45 minutes to an hour at the gym every day, a better choice for you might be one of the lower-calorie beverages or even plain water. Keep in mind that the reduced calorie sports drinks contain artificial sweeteners so they should be consumed in moderation. After reading this, hopefully you will be able to determine which formula of sports drink is right for you.

Nutrient breakdown of common sports drinks, per serving:

• Gatorade: 50 kcals, 14 g CHO, 110 mg Sodium, 30 mg Potassium, 0 g Prot
• Powerade: 50 kcals, 14 g CHO, 100 mg Sodium, 25 mg Potassium, 0 g Prot
• Vitamin Water: 120 kcals, 33 g CHO, 0 mg Sodium, 0 mg Potassium, 0 g Prot
• Gatorade Recover: 110 kcals, 20 g CHO, 105 mg Sodium, 0 mg Potassium, 0 g Prot
• Gatorade Fit: 10 kcals, 2 g CHO, 110 mg Sodium, 30 mg Potassium, 0 g Prot
• Gatorade Endurance: 50 kcals, 14 g CHO, 200 mg Sodium, 90 mg Potassium, 0 g Prot
• G2: 20 kcals, 5 g CHO, 110 mg Sodium, 30 mg Potassium, 0 g Prot
• Powerade Zero: 0 kcals, 0 g CHO, 100 mg Sodium, 25 mg Potassium, 0 mg Prot
• Propel Zero: 0 kcals, 0 g CHO, 100 mg Sodium, 25 mg Potassium, 0 mg Prot
• Vitamin Water Zero: 20 kcals, 5 g CHO, 0 mg Sodium, 0 mg Potassium, 0 mg Prot

Guest Blogger: Jocelyn Johnson, USD Dietetic Intern

WHAT ARE YOU DOING?

What is Bart doing? Here you can learn how to say that in English.As always, you have vocabulary, songs, games...

VOCABULARY 

-In the video you can learn  some  actions :

-Click and watch the video

Another video about what are you doing:

-This video is to learn how to say it in the negative form:

-Time to listen  and repeat :

-What are you doing? Look at the pictures  and read  what the children say

 GAMES

-Unscramble the words

-Click yes or no

-Go to UNITS  2   and  3

-for more practice go to UNIT 2  and  UNIT 3

 

-Now choose the answers to complete the story

-Complete the crossword 


-Listen and choose the correct option 
 

-Drag the word to complete the sentence   


-Grammar activities 


-Activities to practice present continuous:What are they doing?

You can have more activities on UNIT  4

This time go to UNIT 3


Now, you've got more activities on UNIT 3

SONGS AND CHANTS

 

-Monkey , what are you doing chant

 

-Are you eating? 

-Walking , walking 

-What are you doing? song

STORIES

-Dancing on the desks 


 -Listen and read the story "THE FILM STAR"

VIDEOS   

-Here you can  watch  what Mr. Bean is doing :

-A video about the Road Runner

Another Study About the Safety Concerns of Energy Drinks

A news article published today by USA Today reports that a recent study of emergency rooms across the country have seen an increase of energy drink related health problems - doubling the amount seen in just four years! 

Please take time to read "ER visits tied to energy drinks double since 2007." Because of this article, I felt it was a good time to review a previous post about energy drinks and how they can be confused with sports drinks. 

Sports drinks vs. energy drinks: Energy drinks are NOT the same as sports drinks. A sports drink is designed to replace water, carbohydrates, and electrolytes during training and competition, and it usually contains no caffeine. An energy drink, on the other hand, has a blend of caffeine and other ingredients including taurine, guarana, and glucuronolactone*^ that are used as stimulants on the central nervous system.

Safety concerns associated with over-consumption of energy drinks: Energy drinks can be dangerous because the amount of caffeine varies greatly by brand, with some having the caffeine content equivalent to 14 cans of soda^. Although it may be easy to attribute all of the negative effects to caffeine, the effect of combining certain stimulants is still unclear and requires more research.

A disturbing trend has emerged where energy drinks are mixed with alcohol.This poses serious potential health consequences when the energy drink masks the effect of alcohol. Of course, athletes should also keep in mind that excessive alcohol consumption is dangerous, unhealthy and can negate some of the postive effects of training.

Sources:
* Higgins JP, Tuttle TD, Higgins CL. Energy beverages: content and safety. Mayo Clin Proc. Nov 2010;85(11):1033-1041.
^ Sports drinks and energy drinks for children and adolescents: are they appropriate? Pediatrics. Jun 2011;127(6):1182-1189.